No matter how fine the hammerstone's point, it could never produce the crisp right interior angles seen on Tiahuanaco stonework. Current understanding of this complex is limited due to its age, the lack of a written record, and the current deteriorated state of the structures due to treasure hunting, looting, stone mining for building stone and railroad ballast, and natural weathering. It is believed to date to AD 536. [13] Much of the masonry is characterized by accurately cut rectilinear blocks of such uniformity, they could be interchanged for one another while maintaining a level surface and even joints. We may add one more possible clue to this story. The person able to do so is promised a handsome. Archeologists estimate that at its peak between 700 and 1,000 CE, the Tiwanaku site (a cluster of monuments that includes Pumapunku) was occupied by some 400,000 people. [12] Some of the stones are in an unfinished state, showing some of the techniques used to shape them. https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=e2qE0lOIBtE. The second is simpler: we just weren't looking for them. [4] The precision with which these angles create flush joints is indicative of sophisticated knowledge of stone-cutting and a thorough understanding of descriptive geometry. The name means "door of the puma," and as far as archaeologists know, Puma Punku was a thriving, ancient town originating somewhere around 500 and 600 C.E. [52] The archeologist Alexei Vranich counters the ancient alien enthusiasts that well-preserved local precursors regarding the monumental complex of Pumapunku are now known (some monumental structures at Pukara and Chiripa). Considered to be an architectural wonder of its time (AD 500-950), Puma Punku has been ransacked over the last 500 years to a point where none of the remaining 150 blocks that . [3][5], Archaeologists dispute the transport of these stones was by the large labor force of ancient Tiwanaku. Even today, the stonework of the temple is considered so precise that ancient alien enthusiasts, it was made by lasers and other extraterrestrial technologies., Lost Cities and Ancient Mysteries of South America. A close-up of the carvings on the famous Tiwanaku Gate of the Sun. [41] According to Alan Kolata the terraced platform mound depicted on the gateway of the sun is actually a stylized depiction of Pumapunku. Theirs was the dominant culture of Bolivias Lake Titicaca basin, and their empire extended into Bolivia, Peru, and Chile. [8] Many of the joints are so precise, a razor blade cannot fit between the stones. If anything remembers me of Tiahuanaco it is [] the T-shaped sockets and the regularly coursed masonry of strongly altered andesite. The general belief is that droughts and possibly civil unrest caused the inhabitants to seek refuge in the surrounding hills. Virtual reconstruction of an entire andesite building at Puma Punku. We use cookies and similar technologies to run this website and help us make recommendations for you. Tiwanaku & Puma Punku - Private Service. Who Were the Ancient Race of Red Haired Giants? The vast green fields of potatoes, corn, and quinoa lay fallow, and the people vanished from the area, breaking into small factions and fleeing into the mountains. This structure consists of a stone terrace 6.8 by 38.7 metres (22 by 127 feet) in dimension. As with so many areas featuring crafted structures of such weight and size some of which are more than 20 feet tall and tens of thousands of pounds skeptics of academic conclusions begin with the same questions: How were these structures built, and who really built them?. And now the village is now looking to the international community for help cracking the code. Others say people left due to an earthquake and possibly a huge wave hitting the site. Historic photograph of the architecture on the east side of the Pumapunku platform taken by Max Uhle in 1893 Full size image There are two basic elements of this structure: sandstone slabs that served as the foundation, and andesite blocks that were superstructure. Thousands of websites and references which refer to pseudoscientific theories of alien and Atlantis enthusiasts exist. + Create your own database. Cleopatra, the last pharaoh of Egypt, is one of the most iconic figures in history. [55] In the 2019 issue of Public Archaeology, Franco D. Rossi of Johns Hopkins University criticizes that ancient alien theorists have called the Aymara "stone age people" who could not have built Pumapunku. The Pumapunku is a terraced earthen mound faced with blocks. He points out that the Greek Parthenon was built a thousand years before Puma Punku, and yet nobody invokes aliens as the only explanation for its great beauty and decorative detailing that more than rivals Pumapunkus angles and cuts.. For a time, the stone portraits found at Tiwanaku were believed to depict those first humans. This fact is in his view "a solid piece of evidence" against the claims by ancient alien enthusiasts that hold Pumapunku as a best example of extraterrestrial technology, based in part on the idea that the form and design of the monumental complex of Pumapunku has no local precursors. However the Tiwanaku complex was suddenly abandoned sometime around 1000 AD. Inactive since the 1980s. The amazing stonecutting technology at Puma Punku has hardly gone unnoticed. Any guesses? It grew and expanded as its people did, reflecting the increasing power of the civilization that built and rebuilt it over hundreds of years. [4][12], Notable features at Pumapunku are I-shaped architectural cramps, composed of a unique copper-arsenic-nickel bronze alloy. It is one of t. C14, calibrated date). There were almost no markets; goods were distributed by the elites, those who owned the means of production. It is known by archeological evidence that civilizations rise and fall for many reasons. [1] In Aymara, Puma Punku's name means "Gate of the Puma". Pumapunku, also spelled Puma Punku, is the remains of a holy site in the jungles of Bolivia that has attracted much attention as of late. (Video), When Faith and Power Clash: How Christianity Divided the Roman Empire (Video), Medieval Maverick: Roger Bacon's Quest for Knowledge and Truth, The Life and Times of Mansa Musa: The Richest Man in History, Fathoming the Ruins of Yanmen Shan Mountain and the Biggest Cut Rocks in the World, Sacred Treasure Hunt: In Pursuit of the Elusive Ark of the Covenant (Video). February 5, 2023. by Dean Johnston. People who disagree with this later date often argue that the radiocarbon dating results provided by anthropology professor William H. Isbell of the University of Illinois are inaccurate and provide an unreliable date range. By examining the ruins and their relationship to the stars, the archaeologist dated the ruins to be an astounding 15,000 years old. Bernab Cobo reports that one Gateway and one "window" was still standing on one of the platforms.[6]. [47], The Tiwanaku civilization and the use of these enclosures and platform mounds appears to peak from AD 700 to 1000, by which point, the city core and surrounding area could house 400,000 residents. (2010) The Non-Mystery of Pumapunku. Skeptoid Podcast. Thoths Storm: New Evidence for Ancient Egyptians in Ireland? Posnansky, who worked at the site for decades, estimated that Puma Punku was far older than academics surmised. What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? [] The sharp and precise 90 interior angles observed on various decorative motifs most likely were not made with hammerstones. The destruction paints a picture of an angry populace but what might have thrown a stable population into chaos remains a mystery. Puma Punku Bolivia, translated as "Gate of the Puma" in the Quechua language, is a 6 th century archeological site with numerous ancient temples and forms part of Tiahuanaco (an ancient civic and sacred site with pyramids, gateways and monuments), in western Bolivia. I found two sources that may shed light on this question, it won't completely demystify the Puma Punku riddle but it might help getting a bit closer to the true intentions of the builders. [7], The other stonework and facing of the Pumapunku consists of a mixture of andesite and red sandstone. It is little wonder that Puma Punku continues to draw in curious minds with so many unanswered questions and alternative theories available to understanding its origins and creation. Pumapunku's core consists of clay, while the fill under parts of its edge consists of river sand and cobbles instead of clay. In. [17] To sustain the weight of these massive structures, Tiwanaku architects were meticulous in creating foundations, often fitting stones directly to bedrock or digging precise trenches and carefully filling them with layered sedimentary stones to support large stone blocks. Then, at the great civilizations peak, everything came crashing down. Antonio Fernandez Ruz has a 2016 closeup photo, Francisco Montero Diaz has a photo, another closeup of the light tower is available, and Google has a satellite view.The lighthouse was built on an island but the island has disappeared within an extensive area of fill . What is it, what was it? Even accounting for the population growth/spread necessary to facilitate the transition, this seems like a LONG time before humans became civilized. These cramps hold the blocks comprising the walls and bottom of stone-lined canals to drain sunken courts. There is justification for the theory that a world-spanning civilization, with complex architecture and trade, could have existed 10,000 to 15,000 years ago and was subsequently devastated when the last ice age ended. that all members of society from infants to the elderly regularly used psychoactive, hallucinogenic plants. There are reasons we didn't find evidence of the earlier lost civilization until recently. An Inspirational Courtesans Tale, Was Anne of Cleves Too Ugly for King Henry VIII? Civilizations like the Assyrians, ancient Egyptians, the Maya, the Indus Valley peoples, and many others the world over were, if true, the second wave of civilizations, not the first. The Puma Punku measures roughly 548 feet long on its north-south axis and 381 feet wide on its east-west axis. There are two additional platforms still underground. Some authors believe that the Chachapumas demanded a "sacrifice" of humans when entering the monumental structures. Available at: https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology-latest-historical-news/new-discoveries-tiwanaku-puma-punku-lost-statue-021912, Lamoureux, A. The Pumapunku complex is an alignment of plazas and ramps centered on the Pumapunku platform mound. In western Bolivia, a dramatic collection of stones, the remains of a vast temple complex, stand guard over an arid plane. Stone carvings depict Tiwanaku warriors taking just such captives and collecting trophy skulls, supporting the belief that human sacrifice was primarily a punishment meted out to members of opposing tribes. It is world-known for its unusual precision of placement and cutting of . If these statues are former rulers of the region, how do the co-called mainstream archaeologists explain the statues and with full heavy beards? They call it "strikingly consistent choice of technical means" ("auffallend bereinstimmenden Wahl der technischen Mittel") which they think is due to "similar patterns in human way of thinking" ("Gesetzmssigkeit der menschlichen Denkentwickelung"). Stone portraits Tiwanaku, Bolivia. Since the radiocarbon date came from the deepest and oldest layer of mound-fill under the andesite and sandstone stonework, the stonework was probably constructed sometime after AD 536600. Pumapunku, also spelled Puma Punku, is the remains of a holy site in the jungles of Bolivia that has attracted much attention as of late. Puma Punku ruins, Tiahuanaco, Bolivia . Neolithic Stone Balls: The Northern Rosetta Stone? Support for the argument is found in the step motif carved on the fourth monolith and the T-shape sockets cut into several blocks, both believed to be hallmarks of Tiahuanaco-style architecture. One of these monoliths is the Pumapunku monolith (or Pumapunku stela). jeep3r. We went from horse and carriage to landing on the moon in 70 years. 12 Spectacular Pueblos Blancos: A 2023 Andalusian Road Trip. Puma Punku is a beautiful and true wonder of the ancient world. Study Shows Giza Pyramid Concentrates Energy Within its Chambers. To support this theory, they point to the evidence that some structures, including the Gate of the Sun, werent brought down by time or looters; they were deliberately torn down and broken. Beltane is an ancient Gaelic festival celebrating the beginning of summer and the renewal of life. According to the local myths, Puma Punku is related to the gods and the time of the first creation. [3], The largest of Pumapunku's stone blocks is 7.81 metres (25.6 feet) long, 5.17 metres (17.0 feet) wide, averages 1.07 metres (3feet 6inches) thick, and is estimated to weigh about 131 tonnes (144 short tons). It grew and expanded as its people did, reflecting the increasing power of the civilization that built and rebuilt it over hundreds of years. Why Did So Many Ancient Egyptian Children Suffer Anemia? Regardless of the opinions of skeptics, the Puma Punku mystery persists, because no scientist to date has given a probable explanation for the buildings and how they were constructed. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. The architecture found in the ruins astounds archaeologists and historians and has inspired advanced ancient civilization and ancient alien theories. Tiwanaku is significant in Inca traditions because it is believed to be the site where the world was created. The architectural historian Jean-Pierre Protzen from University of California, Berkeley states that in the past it often has been argued that among the buildings at Ollantaytambo the monumental structures (e. g. the Wall of the six monoliths) were the work of the earlier Tiwanaku culture and have been reused by the Incas: An argument persists that the Wall of the six monoliths and the vanished structures from which the blocks have been recycled predate the Incas and were work of the earlier Tiahuanaco culture. Puma Punku - Google My Maps Puma Punku Puma Punku Sign in Open full screen to view more This map was created by a user. Overall, argues Dunning, Puma Punku may not be a fantastic feat too great for humankind. Tiwanaku is significant in Inca traditions, the place where it was once believed the world was created. The name means door of the puma, and as far as archaeologists know, Puma Punku was a thriving, ancient town originating somewhere around 500 and 600 C.E. Puma Punku from the air (Author provided) Viracocha's Presence at Tiwanaku . These excavation trenches also demonstrated the lack of any pre-Andean Middle Horizon cultural deposits within the area of the Tiwanaku Site adjacent to the Pumapunku complex. Traveling throughout Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador, Alicia Read More. We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. Their remains, stowed on what many researchers believe was one of the Tiwanakus most sacred sites, show evidence that all members of society from infants to the elderly took psychoactive drugs culled from hallucinogenic plants. Wikimedia CommonsPieces of Pumapunku that show the complex system by which the bricks were slotted together. Today the monumental complex on top of the platform mound lies in ruins. These farms train and prepare them for different types of dressage. The ancient site known as Puma Punku on the Altiplano of Bolivia and just south of Lake Titicaca is part of the Tiwanaku complex. A link to reset your password has been sent to you. The massive stones are carved into blocks that are unlike anything found anywhere. Other stone art depicts what archeologists think is the veneration of ancestors. Because the Indians cover their houses with straw, and for this [room] to look like the others [houses], they dressed the stone and incised it so that it would appear like a cover of straw.[45]. [48][49] Apparently, Puma Punku was abandoned before its builders could complete it. 9 m (30 ft) octagonal cylindrical stone tower rising from a 1-story keeper's house. MAP RSS Baidu Google Bing so Sogou SM. Now that we have the technology to find their remains beneath the seas of the world, we're finding more and more. On the more conventional side, its suggested that the stonemasons were just very capable with the tools available to them and there was a lot of manual labor involved in transporting and working the stones. Even today, the fashioning of these megaliths can only be accomplished with advanced diamond-tipped saws and drill bits. In addition, some of the stones were held together with copper fasteners, some of which were cold hammered into shape, and others that were poured into place molten.. Puma Punku is a Pre-Columbian archaeological site in Bolivia that is steeped in wonder and mystery. 33 Hells Angels Photos That Put You Inside The Notorious Biker Gang, Bollywood Star Sentenced To Prison For 20-Year-Old Poaching, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. The red sandstone and andesite stones were cut in such a precise way that its as if they were cut using a diamond tool, and they can fit perfectly into and lock with each other. UFO Author Will Lead Exploration of Rendlesham Forest Encounters Site, Debunking the Aryan Race Myth and Separating Fact from Fiction, Mysterious Lake Monster Causes Underwater Eruption (Video), The Black Death and Beyond: Uncovering the Secrets of Plague's Deadly Legacy (Video), The Kings Champion: Medieval Coronation Roles, With a Twist, Digging the Deep Blue: Challenges and Triumphs in Underwater Archaeology, The Roman Empire: A Story of Power, Glory, and Tragedy, The Mongol Onslaught: When Ukraine Fell to the Horde (Video), The Not-So-Romantic Truth About Life in Ancient Greece (Video). (Adwo /Adobe Stock). ( Matyas Rehak /Adobe Stock). Was the Sirius Star System Home to the Dogon African Tribe? Either way, when the Inca people reached the site in 1470 it was evident that Tiwanaku had been deserted for centuries. The technical finesse and precision displayed in these stone blocks is astounding. Even today, the stonework of the temple is considered so precise that ancient alien enthusiasts claim it was made by lasers and other extraterrestrial technologies.. (Matyas Rehak /Adobe Stock). Step into the past and uncover the mysteries of Micronesias Nan Madol, one of the most ancient and enigmatic lost cities in the world. A llama herder, for example, was lower in the social hierarchy than the man who owned the llamas but it was the owners responsibility to provide for the laborer. Card notes that Pumapunku is a fixture of books and television programs on alternative archeology and especially ancient aliens. It continues to be one of the worlds most mysterious ancient sites and is definitely worth exploring. ( Adwo /Adobe Stock). Until recently, due to the condition and placement of so many stones laid strewn across the landscape, there was really no way of seeing what Puma Punku may have looked like during its peak. The excavation trenches of Vranich show the clay, sand, and gravel fill of the Pumapunku complex were laid directly on the sterile middle Pleistocene sediments. Ruins of Pumapunku or Puma Punku part of a large temple complex or monument group that is part of the Tiwanaku Site near Tiwanaku Bolivia Puma Punku - Bolivia Ancient Carved Stone Blocks Stone Gate at Kalasayaya temple, Tiahuanaco, Bolivia Megalithic stone in Bolivia . But first, let's . ( saiko3p /Adobe Stock). ( A. Vranich, 2018 ). [9][10], After the area was mapped with a drone in 2016, the results showed the site has a size of seventeen hectares of which only two hectares are unearthed. (Adwo /Adobe Stock). The second largest stone block at Puma Punku is 7.90 meters (25.9 ft.) long, 2.50 meters (8.20 ft.) wide, and 1.86 meters (6.10 ft.) thick. A neighboring complex appears to have burned, and some vessels that appear to have been dedicated to food storage were smashed. These I-shaped cramps were also used on a section of canal found at the base of the terraced platform mound Akapana at Tiwanaku. Ecolodge Puma Punku is a hotel in La Paz. More alternative suggestions say the stones could have been moved with some sort of large lifting vehicles which mainstream archaeologists do not believe existed in the area at the time. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. Others say that Puma Punkus residentshad technology available to them which was later lost perhaps power tools and even lasers . #pumapunku #pumapunkudrillholes #pumapunkubolivia Lying in a remote valley in the Andes, Puma Punku has been a puzzle for experts for decades. Seems to me the natives of the region cant grow a full beard. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}163342S 684048W / 16.56169S 68.67993W / -16.56169; -68.67993. Archaeologist Neil Steede, for example, has discussed how the astronomical alignments of the main temple at the site do suggest that it was built to coincide with the summer and winter solstices and the spring equinox as these events would have been seen 17,000 years ago. The eastern edge of the Pumapunku is occupied by the Plataforma Ltica. Available at: https://amarilo.com.co/blog/especial/el-misterio-de-puma-punku/, Ancient-Wisdom, (n.d.) Puma Punku. Ancient-Wisdom. (2018) El misterio de Puma Punku. Amarilo. Aneeka of Temmer - Puma Punku, Machu Picchu and more - Extraterrestrial Bases. And now the village is now looking to the international community for help cracking the code. Standard academics believe it was created by the Bronze Age Tiwanaku people between 1000 and 2000 years ago, but they ignore the fact that bronze tools can not cut the stone above, which Canadian geologist Suzan Moore believes is granite. Treasure hunters, too, have harvested many of the sites relics: rare metal ornaments, bright jewelry, and colorful potsherds. Visual History Online-Nachschlagewerk fr die historische Bildforschung: "Palaces and Politics in the Andean Middle Horizon", "The secrets of Tiwanaku, revealed by a drone", Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, "Drugs Found in Hair of Ancient Andean Mummies", "Reckoning with the Popular Uptake of Alien Archaeology", Interactive Archaeological Investigation at Pumapunku Temple, "Skeptoid #202: The Non-Mystery of Puma Punku", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pumapunku&oldid=1152279530, an alignment of plazas and ramps centered on a man-made terraced platform mound with a sunken court and monumental complex on top, sifted and layered soils (mound), andesite (superstructure), sandstone (foundation and internal channels), ternary CuAsNi bronze alloy (cramps), mortar of lime and sand with ground-up malachite (turquoise green plaster floor), clay (red floor), This page was last edited on 29 April 2023, at 07:51.

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