A few other remedies of non-vegetal origin were also reported. They relied heavily on homegardens, wild plants, and on traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and practices in order to survive. Back to Eden, 1939. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, http://www.afrocubaweb.com/haiticuba.htm#creole, http://www.aaanet.org/committees/ethics/ethcode.htm, decoction of three shoots and three roots. Colon, Sandra Hernandez. Weniger B, Haag-Berrurier M, Anton R. Plants of Haiti used as antifertility agents. Herbal baths are important in Haitian culture in both spiritual and medicinal practices, and represent the second most important category of administration, after ingestion. 1984, La Habana: Editora Ciencias Sociales. Interviews were conducted in Spanish after first explaining the aims of the study. 10.1007/s10745-008-9211-4. Camagey is the largest province in Cuba, at 15,615 km2, corresponding to 14.3% of the nation's territory. Once in the field, we asked for the help of the local government officers responsible for health (doctors or nurses from the local hospital) to determine whether there were any elderly Haitians living in the locality and precisely where. Information was obtained . Given the availability of medicinal plants in the surrounding environment, for some species at least, the use of fresh plants may present the advantage of preserving more active compounds and consequently enhancing their absorption and effectiveness. For most Haitian migrants, given their poverty, there was no possibility to make trips back to Haiti to procure remedies that were not available in the new environment. Edited by: Hammer K, Esquivel M, Knpffer H. 1992, Gatersleben, Germany: Institut fr Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, 1: 110-137. It just doesnt taste good, said St. Fort. (Laguerre, 68) By a mental process Laguerre terms cognitive mapping, Haitians seem to have a highly developed instinctual sense of their bodies, their circulatory systems particularly. And that's it. An ethnobotanical investigation was conducted to collect information on medicinal plant use by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. Voodoo, a traditional religion, is widely known for this hybrid form of care. This paper focuses on traditional medicinal plant uses of Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. 1964, La Habana: Asociacin de Estudiantes de Ciencias Biolgicas, Alain H: Flora de Cuba. The Province is inhabited by some 780,000 people, or seven per cent of the Cuban population. Revista Cubana de Alimentacin y Nutricin. The relatively high figure for alcoholic maceration (8.7%) is due to the number of plants that are reported to be soaked in rum and used in the preparation of a medicinal and ritual Haitian drink called tifey [14]. 10.1016/j.jep.2005.05.018. Among the shared ethnobotanical practices is also the preparation of miel de gira with the pulp of the fruit of Crescentia cujete. GUID:FB7A69D3-5F4B-4A23-86B2-F73B140ADACB. Traveling Plants and Cultures. [15] and in other studies about traditional Cuban medicine [18,42], their use among Cubans is not as widespread or as differentiated as among Haitian descendants. Su estudio en la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba. Cookies policy. Pedernales, Santo Domingo, in Ethnomedicine 4: 139-166, 1976. In contrast, the use of the same species with different medicinal purposes may be the result of migrant's adoption of some species through experimentation with plants found in the new environment (e.g. Haitian ethnobotanical practices related to traditional posology often follow cosmological/ritual numbers, both for plant quantities and timing of administration. It is used for general hygiene and curing excessive discharges. Pedro A. Guanamaca, una comunidad haitiana. Two main stores are situated in North Montreal and offer a choice of several dozen Haitian medicinal plants, dried and packaged in small plastic bags (Fig. (Colon, 154).. Johns T: The Origins of Human Diet and Medicine. Other therapeutic uses treat afflictions of the reproductive apparatus (menstrual disorders, ovary pain, vaginal infections, as an aphrodisiac; about 9%), skin afflictions (wounds, burns, rashes; about 9%), helminth worm infections (about 7%), and renal afflictions (diuretic, depurative; about 7%). Some 22 herbal mixtures are reported, including formulas for a preparation obtained using the fruit of Crescentia cujete. Haitian migrants played an important role shaping Cuban culture and traditional ethnobotanical knowledge. Canella winterana, Pimenta dioica) are added to preparations with stomachic purposes. Among first generation migrants, twenty are originally from the cities of Les Cayes (Creole name Okai) and Port Salut (Creole name Posal), in the South of Haiti, whereas four lived in or near Port-au-Prince. Inventaire ethnopharmacologique. Part of My mom comes from a line of Haitian women herbalists fromGonaives, Haiti. Chenopodium ambrosioides, Momordica charantia) are used to treat intestinal parasites. Information was obtained from semi-structured interviews with Haitian immigrants and their descendants, direct observations, and by reviewing reports of traditional Haitian medicine in the literature. They observe nuances in the condition of their blood that are almost unheard of in white Anglo folk pharmacopoeia. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal The final question that I wanted to probe was some sort of linkage between the two cultures of Haiti and America that might account for the similarities I found in treatment methods. 1987, South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey Publishers. I soon learned however that Caribbean folk medicine cannot be studied without comparing it to African-American practices. An ethnobotanical investigation was conducted to collect information on medicinal plant use by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. Haitian empirical medicine sprang from both European (16th to 19th century) and African (especially voodoo) traditional therapies. Today's Cubans rely for food and medicine on a mixed culture that draws upon wisdom originating mainly from Indian, African, Spanish, and Antillean ethnic groups [1-5]. Seoane J: El Folclor Mdico de Cuba. Along with the knowledge some of the slaves were able to bring a few plants. Paul A, Cox PA: An ethnobotanical survey of the uses for Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae) in Haiti. following Len [28], Len and Alain [29-31] and Alain [32,33]. Scull R, Miranda M, Infante RS. Other medicinal uses reported in this study and also commonly found in the Cuban pharmacopoeia include the use of the aerial parts of Cissus verticillata for respiratory problems, of the young fruit of Cocos nucifera and the leaves of Portulaca oleracea for intestinal parasites, of the bark and the leaves of Mangifera indica for gastrointestinal and respiratory problems respectively. Herbal mixtures used by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey. Also, in the anthelmintic use of Chenopodium ambrosioides, we can distinguish a posology for acute episodes (three buds every day before breakfast for three or seven days), and a posology for chronic infection (e.g. Moreover, to date only limited data about Haitian traditional medicine has been collected in Haiti, mostly due to the fact that the religious, cultural, and political situation in Haiti has made the study of Haitian ethnomedicine difficult [20]. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 Haitians (21 women and 13 men) whose ages ranged from 45 to 102 years (mean age 68), in the following communities: Central Brasil, Jiqu, Aguacate, Esmeralda, Antn, Batey Varela (Antn), San Serapio, Caidije, La Jagua, Macuto 2, Camagey (neighbourhoods of Puerto Prncipe, Bellavista, Florat, and La Guernica). Google Scholar. Psidium guajava as an anthelmintic). Pierre-Noel (1959) gathered recipes and modes of usage for various plants and categorized them by illness. To some, the wild green plant with five point leaves may be just an annoying weed, but to many in South Floridas Caribbean community Jamaicans, Bahamians,Trinidadians, Haitians -- its the "it" plant for just about every ailment. Remedies shared between Haitian immigrants and their descendants and the Cuban population are mainly the result of the presence of shared ethnobotanical knowledge before migration took place, but as well reflect adoption by Haitian immigrants of plants and/or uses from the dominant Cuban pharmacopoeia and, to a lesser extent, vice versa. The data presented in this paper are derived from a wider study that was conducted on the ethnobiological knowledge of Haitian people living in the Province of Camagey. Some touristic infrastructures (notably in Camagey city and Santa Luca beach) have been developed in the last decade [26]. Afro-Caribbean pharmacopoeia is that body of knowledge and practices around medicinal plants which finds its origins in the cultures of African slaves brought to the Caribbean [50]. Most of those interviewed are elderly people living in remote rural areas; they often live alone since, because of their age, their husbands and wives have passed away and their children, if any, have migrated mainly to major Cuban cities (e.g. Many Haitians are believer of "remed fey" or "bush medicine". Les plantes et legume d'Haiti qui guerrissent. April 28, 2023. CAS Comisin Nacional de Nombres Geogrficos: Diccionario Geogrfico de Cuba. 2004, 61: 185-204. The Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacy of Migrations. 10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.016. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, Scull R, Miranda M, Infante RS: Plantas medicinales de uso tradicional en Pinar del Ro. [14]. Immigration was a key factor in the plans for economic reconstruction after the War of Independence against Spain, and West Indians entered Cuba as cheap labour required to cut sugarcane [8]. Summary. Almost half of the plants reported in this study are not reported in Beyra et al. The present investigation shows that Haitian migrants and their descendants living in the Province of Camagey (Cuba) have medicinal uses for 123 plant species belonging to 112 genera in 63 families. My mom comes from a line of Haitian women herbalists from Gonaives, Haiti. y tienen faxones y fabas muy diversos de los nuestros " Origin, Evolution and Diversity of Cuban Plant Genetic Resources. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Anne Myriam Bolivar/GPJ Haiti . Although medicinal uses of these plants are not absent from the Cuban pharmacopoeia, they may in some cases be restricted to Haitian descendants and to Cubans who have been influenced by the migrants' culture. Afrikanische Arzneipflanzen und Jagdgifte Chemie, Pharmakologie, Toxikologie. The decoction of fresh herbal components is by far the preferred means to prepare medicinal remedies, accounting for almost 60% of all preparations, which is similar to what has been found in traditional Cuban medicine [15, 17, 19]. Traditional and ritual plant posology should be investigated in more depth in ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies in order to understand their relation with medicinal plant efficacy and toxicity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Among these, a mixture prepared with the fruit of Crescentia cujete as a main ingredient is highly regarded by Haitians and is considered as a panacea. Another excellent febrifuge used both in Haiti and the Ozarks is senna. Interviews were conducted in Spanish after first explaining the aims of the study. Uses of medicinal plants by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. GV, DG, AB, and AB carried out interviews and collected data in the field. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The Origins of Human Diet and Medicine Chemical Ecology. Pieroni A, Mnz H, Akbulut M, Baser KHC, Durmuskahya C. Traditional phytotherapy and transcultural pharmacy among Turkish immigrants living in Cologne, Germany. Hernndez J. Uso popular de plantas con fines medicinales. Haitians were concentrated in the sugarcane and coffee areas of the former provinces of Oriente and Camagey (Figure 1). Camagey, La Habana). Eating and Healing: Traditional Food as Medicine. This figure is based on a comparison with data from another province that also absorbed much Haitian migration to Cuba, the Province of Guantanamo [13]. A Haitian carnival takes place every year in Santiago de Cuba, and a Creole radio program is broadcasted nationally [13]. In: Hammer K, Esquivel M, Knpffer H, editor. The most frequently used species are Chenopodium ambrosioides, Cissus verticillata, Cocos nucifera, Crescentia cujete, Cymbopogon citratus, Lippia alba, Momordica charantia, Pimenta dioica, Portulaca oleracea, Psidium guajava, and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis. Haitian immigrants and their descendants mainly decoct or infuse aerial parts and ingest them, but medicinal baths are also relevant. [15] who interviewed 29 Cuban informants across the Province of Camagey and reported 111 species used for medicinal purposes. The rural Missourian who uses herbs does so out of an unwillingness to give up a part of her heritage. News reports immediately following the disaster documented displaced Haitians sitting . Conversely, Justicia pectoralis, reported by Haitians only as a component of one mixture, is widely used and reported by Cubans for its sedative effects [15,19]. Throw in the extra cultural factor of what the Amer-Indians knew and imparted, and what emerges is a wide body of knowledge that serves a very useful, if not vital function. Fieldwork was carried out from December 2002March 2003 and from FebruaryJuly 2004. Neuwinger HD: Afrikanische Arzneipflanzen und Jagdgifte. Vetiver, Chrysopogon zizanioides, is a perennial grass native to India, where it is known as khus or the oil of tranquility, but it is produced mainly in Haiti, Java, and Runion. 1974, La Habana: Instituto Cubano del Libro. GV drafted the manuscript. The hairs of the fruit of this plant contain formic acid and mucunain, which are so toxic that they were used as homicidal poisons in Africa [40, 41]. Given this, as well as the poor availability of ethnobotanical data relating to traditional Haitian medicine, there is an urgent need to record this knowledge. Given this, as well as the poor availability of ethnobotanical data relating to traditional Haitian medicine, there is an urgent need to record this knowledge. The site is secure. Children's baths prepared with anthelmintic plants (e.g. Its popular name suggested the plant was used in creating zombies. [25]). 1946, La Habana: Contribuciones Ocasionales del Museo de Historia Natural Colegio La Salle 8, Cultural S.A, Len H, Alain H: Flora de Cuba. Kote ou bouke m pote Cultura haitiana en Esmeralda. The Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacy of Migrations. The incorporation of local remedies into their own pharmacopoeia occurred as a consequence of factors such as cultural contacts and exchanges between Haitians and Cubans and of personal experimentation or imitation of local practices by migrants. Among these, a mixture prepared with the fruit of Crescentia cujete as a main ingredient is highly regarded by Haitians and is considered as a panacea.

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